Iraq has begun to feel the brunt of climate change and an increase in climate-related security risks. This study examines nine districts, exploring the ways in...
This Clingendael policy brief points out six wins for the EU when decarbonising the military. Currently the sector is largely omitted from European Green Deal...
Heavily reliant on fossil fuel exports for revenue, Libya has one of the world’s highest exposures to fluctuations in global oil prices. This creates particular...
The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is considered a climate-security hotspot due to its natural water scarcity, low levels of socio-ecological...
This report seeks to inform Israeli, Jordanian and Palestinian policy makers, and the understanding of international stakeholders, as they work to meet climate...
Over the past 15 years, climate-related risks to peace and stability have risen fast up the European agenda. This report explores the extent to which this...
Africa in general, and the Sahel in particular, is often identified as the region where climate change is most likely to undermine security and trigger violent...
The consequences of climate change are undermining low-income and fragile countries’ development prospects. EU efforts to boost its climate action and finance...